{"id":128,"date":"2025-11-14T01:02:21","date_gmt":"2025-11-13T22:02:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/?p=128"},"modified":"2026-01-19T21:42:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T18:42:21","slug":"5-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b1%ce%ba%cf%85%ce%b2%ce%ad%cf%81%ce%bd%ce%b7%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bf-%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%ce%b8%cf%8d%ce%bc%ce%b7%cf%84%ce%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/2025\/11\/14\/5-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b1%ce%ba%cf%85%ce%b2%ce%ad%cf%81%ce%bd%ce%b7%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bf-%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%ce%b8%cf%8d%ce%bc%ce%b7%cf%84%ce%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"5. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><img loading=\"lazy\" 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\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2. \u0398\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u039c\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9. \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b3\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ae\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5. \u039a\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5. <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">\u03a0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u039d\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1<\/span> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u00ab\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u0395\u03b4\u03ce, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2: \u00ab<span style=\"color: #3366ff\">\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2;<\/span>\u00bb. \u0397 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ae.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u03a3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u0397 \u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b8 Jarvis Thomson (1929-2020) \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/news.mit.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/202012\/Judith-Jarvis-Thomson.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Emerita Judith Jarvis Thomson, highly influential philosopher, dies at 91 | MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9. \u0395\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf, \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.prismic.io\/sketchplanations\/aIOb9VGsbswqTQjY_SP935-TheTrolleyProblem.png?auto=format,compress\" alt=\"The Trolley Problem - Sketchplanations\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u00ab\u03cc\u03c7\u03b9\u00bb, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 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\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u0391\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03be\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd 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\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf. \u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03cc. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u03bc\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc; <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u039f \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u039d\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b5. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 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\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0394\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae: \u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (Nigel Warburton), \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 268-271<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf. \u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9. \u039a\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/2025\/11\/14\/5-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b1%ce%ba%cf%85%ce%b2%ce%ad%cf%81%ce%bd%ce%b7%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bf-%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%ce%b8%cf%8d%ce%bc%ce%b7%cf%84%ce%bf\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;5. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":131201,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-47"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/131201"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.e-me.edu.gr\/hive-b2phil-1gel-ampel-thess\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}